Transistors

Transistors

Transistors

Transistors – Components

Transistors are semiconductor devices that are used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power in circuits. They are composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. When a voltage or current is applied to one pair of their terminals, you can control the current through another pair of terminals. This enables you to control a higher power output with a lower power input signal from something such as a switch or microcontroller.

Base, Collector, Emitter
trnassistrs components

Do you see the arrow on the emitter? An easy way to remember which round:

  • NPN – Not Pointing iN
  • PNP – Pointing iN

Bipolar Transistors

A transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers, allowing a small current injected at one of its terminals to control a much larger current flowing between two other terminals, making the device capable of amplification or switching.

Darlington Transistors

Although a Darlington configuration will often act like and look like a standard single transistor, they are actually made up of a pair of transistors.

transsistors componnets

This multi-transistor configuration known as the Darlington pair is a circuit consisting of two bipolar transistors with the emitter of one connected to the base of the other. This means the current amplified by the first transistor is amplified further by the second! The collectors are connected together.

MOSFET Transistors

The invention of the MOSFET has revolutionised the semiconductor industry. This is due to its compact miniaturisated and mass-produced form factor. This has enabled the creation of high-density ICs such as memory chips and microprocessors. The MOSFET is considered the “workhorse” of the electronics industry.

With next to no input current a MOSFET can control a large load current.

So to summarise, they have faster-switching speeds, a reduced footprint, consume significantly less power, and allow much higher density,  compared to BJTs. MOSFETs are also cheaper and have relatively simple production.

We’ve also got some tutorials and projects in our blog that you should check out!

 

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  • Proto-PIC 600 Piece Transistor Kit showing open lid with values Proto-PIC 600 Piece Transistor Kit showing top view of contents

    600 Piece Transistor Kit TO92 Package

    Proto-PIC

    £12.00
    Proto-Pic offers the best quality 600 Pieces Transistor Kit. Which is made of top standard materials, our transistor have the high dielectric strength, fast switching speed, large power dissipation and good current performance you need. This assorted...
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  • 00521-1__50720__17172 00521-1__50720__171721

    Transistor - NPN, 2N3904, Common BJT - TO-92

    Sparkfun

    £0.75
    Transistor - NPN, 2N3904, Common BJT - TO-92 These are very common, high-quality BJT NPN transistors.Designed for use as general-purpose amplifiers and switches. The useful dynamic range extends to 100mA as a switch and to 100 MHz as an amplifier...
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  • PPCOM-08928_main

    Transistors - NPN, BC547, Bipolar BJT - TO-92

    Sparkfun

    £0.32
    Transistors - NPN, BC547, Bipolar BJT - TO-92 These are high-quality BJT NPN transistors that work well with audio applications, switching and amplifying Specifications: Transistor Polarity: NPN Collector-Emitter Voltage V(br)ceo: 45V Transition...
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  • TO_220_3_TO_220AB__54825__53517

    TIP120 Darlington NPN 60V 5A TO-220

    Proto-PIC

    £0.62
    Nice Darlington Array Transistors are a mainstay of many embedded projects.Use these with your Arduino to turn on Motors, switch on lights and control many other high powered gadgetsDatasheet
    £0.62
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  • 10213-01__89313__77500 10213-01__89313__775001

    MOSFET - N-Channel, 60V, 30A, TO-220

    Sparkfun

    £1.20
    MOSFET - N-Channel, 60V, 30A, TO-220 If you’ve ever wondered how to control the headlight of a car from a microcontroller, a MOSFET is what you need.This particular part is a very common MOSFET with very low on-resistance and a control voltage (aka...
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  • IRF__08970__21234

    IRF520 N-CHANNEL MOSFET

    Proto-PIC

    £0.60
    These MOSFETs provide the designer with the best combination of fast switching, ruggedized device design, low on-resistance and cost-effectiveness. FEATURES Dynamic dV/dt Rating Repetitive Avalanche Rated 175 °C Operating Temperature Fast...
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  • Untitled__90701

    2N7000 N-Channel MOSFET

    Proto-PIC

    £0.50
    These N-Channel enhancement mode field effect transistors are produced using Fairchild's proprietary, high cell density, DMOS technology. These products have been designed to minimize on-state resistance while provide rugged, reliable, and fast switching...
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  • F4865671_01__93398

    Power MOSFET STP36NF06 N-Channel 5V Logic Switched

    Proto-PIC

    £0.60
    Channel Mode Enhancement   Channel Type N   Configuration Single   Dimensions 10.4 x 4.6 x 9.15mm   Height 9.15mm   Length 10.4mm   Maximum Continuous Drain Current 30 A   Maximum Drain Source...
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  • 0J4850.600__87692 0J4850.600__876925

    RC Switch with Small Low-Side MOSFET

    Pololu

    £11.00
    RC Switch with Small Low-Side MOSFET - Pololu 2802 This RC switch from Pololu converts hobby radio control pulses to digital on/off signals and has an integrated small, low-side MOSFET that allows it to drive small loads (up to around 3 A), such as...
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  • TRIAC - 200V Blocking Voltage TRIAC - 200V Blocking Voltage

    TRIAC - 200V Blocking Voltage

    Sparkfun

    £1.20
    Triacs are components that are widely used in AC power control applications, Able to switch high voltages and high levels of current, and over both parts of an AC waveform. This makes these circuits ideal for use in a plethora of applications where power...
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